Can I fine tune the autofocus on my Canon 60D to be more accurate?

Question

I noticed that some of my lenses auto-focus more accurately then others. (Assume perfect light conditions and fast shutter speed) Zooming-in on say the center focus point (if only the center focus point has been used) sometimes reveals that the lens overshoot or undershoot the focus just ever so slightly. I also almost always get a better and sharper image when focusing manually (and breathing correctly). I mean the autofocus is not bad (seems best on my prime 50mm lens, less perfect on my 70-200mm telephoto) but not perfect.

I might now be thinking this up as I write along but If I remember correctly I've read somewhere that the Canon 50D body has some kind of an feature that can fine tune the AF for differently for different lenses.

In the end I decided to go with the Canon 60D body. My question is: Is it possible to somehow calibrate the auto-focus with my body to perform more accurately?

Answer

You adjust focus on the camera - not the lens. The Canon 60D does not have a micro focus adjustment needed to do this.

You may try sending in your camera and lenses in for adjustment together, but it is not something you can adjust yourself on that body.

If your 70-200 is significantly slower in max aperture than your 50mm, then it likely doesn't autofocus as well because of the slower aperture. More light = better autofocus.

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Does backfocus/frontfocus change?

Question

I have adjusted the back-/frontfocus setting in my camera for different lenses.

Now I am wondering if I have to readjust the lenses regularly? Does the back-/frontfocus for a lens change much over time?

Answer

No. Well, I've never seen it happen.

If it does, I would suspect an imminent mechanical failure.

What I did see once is front or back focusing change between focus-distances. In that case the lens focuses well at one distance but is off at another. Since I've only see it once, it may a defect rather than tolerance error.

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What is the best way to micro-adjust a lens?

Question

I have a Canon 7D with a 50mm f/1.4 lens, and I think the auto-focus of the lens is off. How can I test and adjust this reliably?

Will this approach work with all of my lenses? If I had a different camera body, would I have other/different options?

Answer

Moire Fringe Method

Use Bart van der Wolf's moire fringe method (also explained here and here, and archived here):

It works by exploiting the interference patterns or moiré between the R/G/B LCD elements and the camera's LCD elements when directly viewed with Life View [sic]. With good optics and perfect focus, the moiré is maximized.

Compared to focus charts

Pros:

• Much more precise.
• Unaffected by tungsten / incandescent lighting, which causes front focus. (I'm not positive if extreme monitor color temperatures affect it.)
• Easier to line up 100% perpendicular, yet less affected by it.
• Doesn't require taking a picture: liveview is sufficient with magnification.

Cons:

• Without liveview, I'd imagine it'd be tedious.
• Can't calibrate for tungsten lighting. (Though you can use a focus chart to supplement, and estimate the offset you'd need to give it for tungsten)

The Target Pattern

Load this file (or from this alternate location). It's a black-and-white image of concentric rings which get increasingly small and close as the they get further from the center circle.

There's nothing particularly magic about this image: anything which produces a moire pattern on an LCD screen should work, but this one is designed to give good results in many situations. Bart van der Wolf also produced an earlier moire target design which some people apparently find works better.

Steps

Setup and familiarization:

1. Load the target pattern at 1:1 / 100% view in any image viewer — your web browser will do, but make sure it's showing the image unscaled.
2. Set up your camera on a tripod perpendicular and at the appropriate distance away from the screen
   • Camera-to-subject distance should ideally be no less than 50 times the focal length of the lens. For a 50mm lens, that would be at least 2.5 meters (25m for a 500mm).
3. Turn on liveview and magnify until the image is close to filling the screen.
4. In manual focus mode, adjust the focus distance and become familiar with the maximum interference pattern

Method 1:

1. Go to the point of maximum interference. You do this by focusing manually (contrast detect may not be as precise, but you can try).
2. Switch to phase detect and push the AF button.
3. If the focus changes, dial in microadjustment in the correct direction and repeat.

Method 2 (more accurate, in my opinion):

1. Set focus to infinity or closest focus.
2. Autofocus using phase detection. Some cameras let you do this while in liveview.
3. In liveview, manually adjust focus to see if it was front or back focused.
4. If so, adjust and repeat.

Troubleshooting

If you can't see a moire effect, see these tips, which are, in summary:

• If the focus is too far off, it won't work.
• You could be too close for the focal length.
• You could be too far away for the focal length.
• The lens has poor resolution.
• The lens's manual focus control is too coarse to nail the spot.

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